Charcoal-burner.



w. M. BAXTER. CHARCOAL BURNER. APPLICATION FILED MAR- 31.1913.

Patented June 27, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I- fiIIIIIIIIII W. M.. BAXTER. CHARCOAL BURNER. APPLICATION man MAR. 31.1913.

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Patented June 27, 1916.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

WILLIAM M. BAXTER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

CHARCOAL-BURNER.

Application filed March 31, 1913. Serial No. 757,916.?Z3il? I To all whom it may concern:

a citizen of the United Be it known that l, WILLIAM M. BAXTER,

Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented new and useful Improvements in Charcoal-Burners, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in heaters and germ destroying devices, and

more particularly to heaters which have special application to transportable containers. employed to carry fruits, vegetables,

and the like to distant points.

My present application has special reference to a heater designed to burn charcoal, charcoal products, or their equivalent in s ecific gravity, for the purpose of maintai g a uniform heat for a long period of time. One of the objects of-my invention is the dissemination of a product of charcoal combustion (carbon monoxid gas) within a closed container, as a car body, for the purpose of retarding the'ripening process by delaying the action'of fermentation in the fruit or vegetable contents of a car.

Another object is to provide a burner that will furnish, without special attention, a predetermined amount of uniform heat for agiven length of time.

Another object is to construct the base of the heater, upon which the combustion chamber rests and is a part, sothat the downward radiation of the heat from the grate will be prevented, whereby danger of fire to the car is reduced to a minimum.

Another object is to provide means whereby the draft and depth of the fire may be controlled so as to provide a uniform heat that will continue for a predetermined length of time and also provide an outlet for the burnt gases that will vary in direct proportion to the thickness of the fire.

Another object is to provide a coistruction wherein draft openings are arranged indirectly so that burning embers will not escape from the heater in case the heater is overturned, or otherwise disturbed.

,{Still another object'is to provide means whereby the heater may be suspended from the ceiling of a car, or supported uponthe floor of the car.

Of what it consists and its manner of construction and mode of operation, will be fully set out, described and illustrated in the following specifications, when read in Specification of Letters Patent.

States, residing at this tubular part has bottom of the magazine is Patented June 27 916.

i t connection with the drawings the same and forming a part hereof.

Figure 1, is a perspective view of the device with the part cut away showing the fire pot and surroundings; Fig. 2, is a vertical sectional view of a heater, Fig. 3, is a perspective view of fire pot and base, and Fig 4, 1s a face view of the adjusting hasp and portions of the heater casing to which it is attached. v

Before referring to a detailed description of parts that enter into the particular exemplification of my invention herein presented, it is suggested that following my plan the object is to be attained of heating a accompanyingcar exactly at a proper and uniform temperature for a period of days, comprehend ing full eflicieney and capabilities to meet the requirements of shipments, fruits, veg tables and the like, for the longest distances that are ordinarily required, and this without the requirement of any attention what ever to the heater-during the whole of the transportation period.

Like characters of reference denote corresponding parts in each of the drawings.

Referring to the drawings: 2 designates the casing or shell of my heater device, which is constructed of a tubular sheet metal part, p1-eferablyformed with corrugations 4:, and a top secured to the upper end thereof with a fuel opening which is normally closed by the removable lid or cover 5. Within the upper end of the easing is formed a magazine 8 for the charcoal, which through the center controlled by a slide 12, which said slide is provided with a handle 14- that projects through the shell (and is provided with holes 11 through which a pin 11 is inserted) to control the position of the slide over-the opening in the base of the conical portion of the magazine. Secured to the conical a tapering tube 15 formed with an inner member 17 connected to the rim of the opening in the bottom of the magazine and extending downwardly therefrom, as shown; this construction providing an air space between said members forming tube 15 for the purpose of preventing pro-ignition of the fuel in the feed tube 17 before it falls to the fire on the grate. Surrounding the tube 15 is a circular fire box 16 provided with an opening 19 in its top of substantially the size of magazine has a conical bottom,

of which is an openlngthe largest part of the t: pering tube 15 through which opening 19 projects said tube 15, and by which the draft and gases are controlled. Within the firebox is a conical shaped grate 18 preferably made of braided or woven wire. \V'thin the firebox 16 is a sheet metal tube 22 which rests upon the grate 18 and prevents the fuel from coming in contact with the fire-box 16, thus preventing the fire-box from burning out, and also creating a diffusion of heat in the fire-box which prevents the shell 16 from radiating too much heat to the shell 2 at one place but distributing the heat over a large area of the shell. If the tube 22 burns out it can be readily replaced. Below the fire-box is an ash receiver 24:, which is of a conical shape, similar to the grate surface 18 and the fire-box is supported on this ash receiver 24c by means of an extension 26, which projects downwardly from the fire-box casing 16 and is secured to vthe ash receiver 24, a suitable distance being provided between the grate 18 and ash receiver 24: t0 allowfor the reception of the ash deposit from the grate 18 and also'to provide for circulation of air. This downwardly extending portion 26 is provided with a number of draft openings 29 therein,

which openings extend down to the surface of the aslrreceiver as shown, so' as to provide an outlet for the ash deposit from under the grate surface 18. This 'ash receiver 21 is disposed ii'itermediate of the ends of a tubular casing 30, the lower portion of which, below the ash receiver 21, forms a base or support for the entire heater; the distance from the ash receiver 24 to the lower end of casing being suflieient to hold the heater far enoughabove the floor, so that there is no danger ofheat being communicated from the heater to the floor. To further prevent downward radiation of heat there is provided a plate or bottom 25 secured in the casing 30' immediately below the ash receiver 21, which has a number of sheets 28 of asbestos or some other heat nonconducting material. thereon. The casing 30 belowthc plate is provided with a. number of holes 81 for free circulation of air, and this together with the sheets 28 of heat non-conducting material and the dead air space formed between the plate 25 and the ash receiver 21 effectually prevent downward radiation of heat from the combustion chamber.

The casing 30 extends a suitable distance above the ash receiver 2 1' and loosely telescopes the lower end of the casing 2, so as to provide an air space between the telescopical' walls thereof for admission of air to the lower part of the combustion chamber. For securing the casing 80 and the casing 2 together, there are a number of hasps 34; which are secured around the'lower portion of the icense casing 2, these hasps each having a number of slots and 35 through which the buttons 36 on the casing 30 may be passed for securing the two casings 80 and 2 together.

As is apparent, the hasps allow adjustment whereby the casing 2 may be inserted and secured at '(lllffilEIlt. distances within the casing 30 and in order that there may be free communication of air to the bottom of the combustion chamber, in all positions of adjustment there are provided a number of openings 33 in the casing 2 at the lower end thereof.

In'practice, it is often desirable to sus- I Then the button 36 is turned and the hasps 32 are unlocked from the buttons and the entire casing with the magazine is removed from off the fire pot. The fire is started on the grate 18 with a small quantity of charcoal. After it comes to a glow the magazine is filled with the fuel and then the casing is replaced and locked by the buttons 36. The slide 12 is pulled out by means of the handle 14 to full open position and the pin 11 inserted to retain it in this position. As soon as the slide is removed the fuel in the magazine 8 passes down within the fuel tube 17 onto the fire on the grate, then as the fuel is consumed it is supplied from the magazine by gravity.

Assuming that the heater parts are in the position indicated in Fig. 2, fuel will be deposited from the magazine 8 onto the grate surface 18 until the fuel in the combustion chamber reaches the lower end of the fuel tube 17. As the fuel is consumed and settles on the grate surface 18, a fresh supply will be auton'latically fed from spout 17.

If it is desired to decrease the depth of fuel on the grate surface 18, the buttons 36 are released so to allow hasps 32 to be withdrawn from engagement therewith, and the entire casing 2 is inserted still farther within casing 30 until the upper openings 31- in the hasps 32 are in position to engage with the buttons These parts are then secured together by means of the buttons 3G.

The insertion of the casing 2 Within the casing 30 projects the tapering tube 15 and fuel tube 17 farther within the opening 19 of the combustion chamber thereby decreasing the draft passage way through the opening 19 and decreasing thedistance between the lower end of the tube 17 and the grate surface 18. it will. require a less quantity of fuel on the grate surface 18 to reach the bottom of the fuel tube 15 and a thinner layer of fuel will be maintained on thesurface 18. The diminishing of the draft opening 19 above mentioned will cause the fuel to burn more slowly andthe heat radiated from the combustion chamber will be correspondingly lessened.

It will be observed that with the method of fastening the heater casings together by. means of the hasps 32, there is little danger of the heater coming apart and furthermore, the construction of the combustion chamber is such and the construction of the draft passage to the bottom of the combustion chamber so indirect, that there is practically no danger of any burning embers escaping from the heater if overturned.

Having now described my invention what I claim is 1. In a heater, in combination, a combustion chamber having a grated bottom, double side walls spaced from each other,

and a top closure. wall. overlying the upper edge of the double side walls and extending inwardly toward the vertical center of the combustion chamber, a support for the combustion chamber, a fuel'magazine provided with an outlet for communication with the combustion chamber, a casing connecting the fuel magazine with the support for the combustion chamber spaced from the latter and provided with inlets to permit air to enter at points below the combustion chamber and for circulation through the space between said combustion chamber and the casing and provided with outlets to permit the escape of gases from the inclosure.

2. In a heater, in combination, a combustion chamber having a grated bottom, double side walls spaced from each other, and atop closure wall overlying the upper edge of the double side walls and extending inwardly toward the vertical center of the combustion chamber, a support for the combustion chamber, a fuel magazine provided with an outlet for communication with the combustion chamber, a casing connecting the fuel magazine with the support for the combustion chamber, spaced from the latter and provided with air inlets for admission of air within the inclosure and with outlets for the escape of gases therefrom.

' In a heater, in combination, a combustion chamber, a base spaced from the com bustion chamber and suitably supporting the same, and provided with upwardly extending, circumferential, walled portions, a magazine provided with an outlet chute, a casing depending from the fuel magazine, surrounding the combustion chamber and suitably spaced therefrom, members suitably correlatedto facilitate vertical adjustment relatively of the base and the casing to control air circulation through the commagazine bustion chamber, inlets for the admission of air to points within the inclosure, and outlets for the escape of gases therefrom.

4. In a charcoal heater, in combination, a fire pot and a magazine spaced apart, the

former below the latter, the fire pot having. a grated bottom portion, closed side walls andan inwardly extending flanged portion partially closing the top thereof,'but open sufliciently, approximating its central portion, to permit discharge of fuel thereinto, the circulation of air therethrough and the escape of gases therefrom, the magazine provided with a discharge spout communicating for discharge through the opening in the top portion of the fire pot and'means for varying the spaced relation between the grate of the fire pot and the discharge outlet opening from the magazine whereby the escape of the products of combustion from the combustion chamber is retarded and carbon monoxid is generated in abundance,

with a grate and having a top closure portion provided with an inlet opening, a communicating for discharge through the opening into the fire pot,'and

disposedwith relation to said opening and with the grate of said fire pot in a manner to retard normal combustion for the purpose of producing carbon monoXid gas, a casing provided with outlet openings adjacent the top of the fire pot, said casing being spaced from the fire pot and connecting the magazine and the base portion and-provided with inlet openings at points adjacent the space below the fire pot and communicating therewith and with the space between the fire pot and the casing for communication both with the space above and below said fire pot,-

whereby air is supplied to the fire pot and also to the space between the fire pot and the casing to; cool the outer wall of the former, and also communicates with the space above the fire pot to be co-mingled with the carbon monoxid gas.

6. In a device of the class described, the combination .of a combustion chamberprovidedwith a restricted draft opening in the top and with a reticular bottom, a fuel magazine communicating through the opening in the fire pot with the interior of the combustion chamber in a manner to restrict the escape of gases therefrom and the cir culation of air therethrough forthe purpose of'retarding combustion thereinto produce carbon monoxid gas, a wall spaced from the combustion chamber to form a space below the same communicating through the said reticular ottom with said combustion chamher, a casing provided with air inlet open- 2 ings adjacent the space below the fire pot and with gas outlet openings adjacent the top thereof consisting of separable parts inclosing and spaced from the combustion chamber and forming a draft passageway M. M. CADY, B.'M. HENSCHEL. 

